Mercurialis annua
Mercurialis annua, Annual Mercury, Garden Mercury, French Mercury,
Hebrew: מרקולית מצויה, Arabic: الحَلبُوب الحولي
| Scientific name: | Mercurialis annua L. | |
| Common name: | Annual Mercury, Garden Mercury, French Mercury | |
| Hebrew name: | מרקולית מצויה | |
| Arabic name: | الحَلبُوب الحولي | |
| Español: | Mercurial | |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae, חלבלוביים |
 Male flowers |
| Life form: | Annual | |
| Stems: | 17-35 cm tall; stem branched, often from the base | |
| Leaves: | Opposite, ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, crenate-serrate | |
| Inflorescence: | Staminate inflorescence spike-like, axillary; short-peduncled, flowers clustered; pistillate inflorescence 2-3 flowers clustered, axillary, below staminate flowers | |
| Flowers: | Dioecious, male ( spikelike clusters) and female (clusters of 2 or 3) flowers on separate plants; staminate flower, calyx ± 1 mm; stamens exserted; pistillate flower, calyx ± 1 mm; ovary strigose, styles ± 1 mm; green | |
| Fruits / pods: | Capsule, bristly; seeds, pitted | |
| Flowering Period: | January, February, March, April, May, December | |
| Habitat: | Batha, Phrygana | |
| Distribution: | Mediterranean Woodlands and Shrublands, Semi-steppe shrublands, Shrub-steppes, Deserts and extreme deserts | |
| Chorotype: | Med – Euro-Siberian | |
| Summer shedding: | Ephemeral |
 Male flowers Derivation of the botanical name: Mercurialis, in honor of Mercurius (Roman), or Hermes (Greek), the messenger of the gods.
annua, annual.
See the list of Medicinal herbs in Israel, the parts used and their medical uses to treat various diseases. 
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